Map of South America in 1492
For 1492, IntMap draws the Cliopatria, Seshat Global History Databank (by year), then historical-basemaps — each drawn only where the records before it are silent map of that year: 392 names within South America. The map also draws 130 outlines here that the source gives no name.
Names on the map
As the map labels them, largest first by the area of the outline drawn inside this view. Areas are of the drawn outline, rounded, and approximate.
| Name | Drawn area in view (km²) |
|---|---|
| Tekohá (Guarani) | 2,040,000 |
| Wallmapu (Mapuche) | 1,180,000 |
| Günün a atük (Günün a küna) | 940,000 |
| Mbya | 712,000 |
| Aónikenk (Tehuelche) | 585,000 |
| Inca Empire | 539,000 |
| Quechua | 502,000 |
| Charrúa | 419,000 |
| Uru | 406,000 |
| Chichas | 393,000 |
| Kaingang | 342,000 |
| Boe | 341,000 |
| Emberá/Eperara/Épera | 292,000 |
| Tekohá (Ñandeva - Avá Guaraní) | 284,000 |
| Diaguita | 281,000 |
| Ayoreo | 246,000 |
| Chiquitano | 243,000 |
| Puri | 220,000 |
| Yanomami | 195,000 |
| Lokono (Arawak) | 186,000 |
| Aymara | 186,000 |
| Moqoit | 186,000 |
| Guahibo/Hiwi | 181,000 |
| Sataré-Mawé | 170,000 |
| Huarpe | 168,000 |
| Walimanai (Baniwa) | 167,000 |
| Inikana/Kukama Kukamiria/Kokama | 164,000 |
| Pemón | 163,000 |
| Guenoa-Muinanes | 156,000 |
| Kolla-Atacameño | 144,000 |
| Kaiabi | 134,000 |
| Qom | 130,000 |
| Weenhayek/Wichí | 128,000 |
| Rankülche | 128,000 |
| Puinave | 127,000 |
| Henîa-Kamiare | 126,000 |
| Yine | 124,000 |
| Kolla | 123,000 |
| Ãwa | 118,000 |
| Yaminawá | 117,000 |
| Ashaninka | 114,000 |
| Kalina/Kariña | 113,000 |
| So'to (Yekuana) | 108,000 |
| Chango | 106,000 |
| Mebêngôkre (Kayapó) | 106,000 |
| Emberá Katío/Eyabida | 103,000 |
| Waiwai | 92,500 |
| Emberá Chamí | 92,100 |
| A'uwe | 90,700 |
| Mundurukânia (Wuy jugu) | 90,300 |
| Wari | 90,000 |
| Muina Murui / Murui-Muinanɨ | 88,700 |
| Lule | 86,900 |
| Magüta/Ticuna | 86,500 |
| Eperara Siapidara | 82,300 |
| Tsase/Piapoco | 80,900 |
| Amorúa | 79,200 |
| Tekohá (Paĩ Tavytera/Kaiowá) | 76,400 |
| Lickanantay | 74,800 |
| Esse ejja | 74,400 |
| Sirionó | 74,000 |
| Lipi | 71,600 |
| Vilela | 70,700 |
| Guató | 70,500 |
| Aparai | 68,700 |
| Apiaká | 68,600 |
| Ofaié | 67,800 |
| Trio/Wü tarëno | 67,600 |
| Tonokoté | 67,400 |
| Wapishana/Wapixana | 66,500 |
| Miranha | 66,200 |
| Madija | 65,700 |
| Wakuenai/Walimanai (Kuripako) | 64,100 |
| Warao | 63,500 |
| Popũkare | 62,500 |
| Wayana | 61,800 |
| Rikbaktsá | 60,500 |
| Ikpeng | 60,200 |
| Kichwa del Río Napo | 59,200 |
| Matsigenka | 58,300 |
| Enlhet-Enenlhet | 58,100 |
| Chané | 57,800 |
| Nivaclé | 57,100 |
| Shipibo-Konibo | 56,800 |
| Guajajara | 56,700 |
| Yihamwo (Yagua) | 56,500 |
| Akawaio/Akawayo | 56,300 |
| Guarayo | 55,000 |
| Dyo'xaiya-o-Ivo'tsa (Okaina) | 54,200 |
| Yaruro/Pumé | 53,100 |
| Achuar | 52,600 |
| Emberá Dobidá | 52,300 |
| Sanavirones | 52,100 |
| Maxakalí | 52,100 |
| Uwottüja | 51,000 |
| Wayúu | 50,400 |
| Jamamadi | 50,400 |
| Barí | 49,300 |
| Zenú | 46,900 |
| Barasano/Panenoá | 46,400 |
| Abipones | 46,200 |
| Mojeño | 45,800 |
| Chono | 45,400 |
| Muisca | 45,200 |
| Nasa | 45,100 |
| Nambikwara | 45,000 |
| Halíti | 44,400 |
| Selk'nam | 43,500 |
| Pacahuara | 43,000 |
| Asheninka | 41,900 |
| Macuxi | 41,400 |
| Ukarãngmã | 41,000 |
| Awajún | 40,700 |
| Karanka | 40,100 |
| Mashco Piro | 36,700 |
| Purehno | 36,000 |
| Qhara Qhara | 35,600 |
| Pakajaqi | 35,000 |
| Patamona/Ingarikó | 34,800 |
| Achagua | 34,300 |
| Xakriabá | 33,500 |
| Caribbean hunter-gatherers (a description by the source, not a name) | 33,300 |
| Siekopa’aiInte/Aido-Pãi (Secoya) | 33,200 |
| Movima | 32,900 |
| Yuracaré | 32,700 |
| Kichwa (Amazónico) | 31,200 |
| Weenhayek | 30,600 |
| Killaka Asanajaqi | 30,300 |
| Yudjá | 30,100 |
| Matetamãe/Cinta Larga | 29,700 |
| Apyãwa | 29,400 |
| Timotes | 29,300 |
| Kichwa Lamista | 28,800 |
| Kinja | 28,800 |
| Shawi | 28,600 |
| Aché | 28,100 |
| Sapara | 27,800 |
| Yanesha | 27,600 |
| Tapieté/Guaraní-Ñandeva | 27,300 |
| Enxet | 27,200 |
| Sura | 26,700 |
| Nadöb | 26,100 |
| Kawashkar | 25,800 |
| Ishir Ybytoso | 25,500 |
| Karijona | 25,300 |
| Nawa | 25,200 |
| Guarasugwe | 24,800 |
| Tanimuka | 24,400 |
| Pilagal'ek | 24,100 |
| Shuar-Wampis | 23,900 |
| Matsés (Mayoruna) | 23,100 |
| Awá | 22,500 |
| Hixkaryana | 21,600 |
| Huni Kuin | 21,000 |
| Kichwa del Río Pastaza | 20,100 |
| E'ñepá | 20,000 |
| Jupaú (Kawahib) | 19,900 |
| Karapana/Muteamasa | 19,700 |
| Terena | 19,600 |
| Angaité | 19,500 |
| Harakbut | 19,100 |
| U'wa | 18,900 |
| Amahuaca | 18,800 |
| Kandozi | 18,800 |
| Tenetehara (Tembé) | 18,700 |
| Nonuya | 18,100 |
| Wounaan | 17,800 |
| Kallawaya | 17,400 |
| Kawahib (Tenharim) | 17,400 |
| Awaeté (Asurini of the Xingu) | 17,400 |
| Pijao | 17,300 |
| A'i Cofán/Kofán | 17,100 |
| Enlhet | 17,000 |
| Bora | 16,900 |
| Lumnanas | 16,600 |
| Emberá | 16,400 |
| Tinigua | 16,300 |
| Kichwa del Río Tigre | 16,300 |
| Charka | 16,300 |
| Ecuana | 16,200 |
| Deni | 16,000 |
| Pasto | 15,800 |
| Kacha Edze (Urarina) | 15,600 |
| Mehin | 15,500 |
| Wanano/Kotiria | 15,400 |
| Tastil | 15,300 |
| Misak | 15,300 |
| Dâw | 15,200 |
| Féénemɨnaa | 15,000 |
| Kubéwa/Cubeo | 14,800 |
| Pataxó | 14,800 |
| Krenyê | 14,700 |
| Ye"pâ-masa | 14,600 |
| Hoti | 14,500 |
| Nükak Makü | 14,300 |
| Tacana | 14,300 |
| Yanam (Ninam) | 14,100 |
| Kambeba/Omagua | 14,000 |
| Iskonawa | 13,900 |
| Bohanes | 13,900 |
| Waorani | 13,900 |
| Kawahib (Parintintin) | 13,800 |
| Apinayé | 13,700 |
| ZioBain (Siona) | 13,600 |
| Kurâ | 13,300 |
| Shiwiar | 13,200 |
| Chamicuro | 13,100 |
| Baure | 13,100 |
| Itonama | 13,000 |
| Mosetén | 13,000 |
| Omaguaca | 13,000 |
| Kapanawa | 12,900 |
| Bia Mbyá | 12,600 |
| Yurí | 12,600 |
| Awaeté | 12,400 |
| pʌʌsíʌhʌ (Andoque/Paasiaja) | 12,200 |
| Pamoari | 11,900 |
| Wari’ | 11,700 |
| Iogys | 11,700 |
| Guane | 11,500 |
| Maká | 11,500 |
| Toba-Lengua | 11,400 |
| Cayubaba | 11,200 |
| Taino | 11,000 |
| Juhup-Yuju/Yuhupdëh | 10,900 |
| Araona | 10,700 |
| Yukpa | 10,400 |
| Karajá do Norte | 10,300 |
| Kogui/Kaggabba | 10,100 |
| Bïde | 10,100 |
| Cuica | 9,910 |
| Tilian | 9,770 |
| Panará | 9,500 |
| Chitonahua/Murunahua | 9,480 |
| Sanapaná | 8,970 |
| Leco | 8,850 |
| Ka'apor | 8,820 |
| Kaxarari | 8,790 |
| Betoy | 8,730 |
| No'iria | 8,700 |
| Waípinõmakã (Bará) | 8,680 |
| Makurap | 8,600 |
| Laklanõ | 8,550 |
| Enawenê-nawê | 8,180 |
| kòréβahώ (korebaju/Koreguaje) | 8,080 |
| Muteamasa (Karapanã) | 8,080 |
| Manteño-Huancavilca | 8,010 |
| Akwê | 7,940 |
| Ijku (Arhuaco) | 7,910 |
| Kakataibo | 7,880 |
| Yagán | 7,540 |
| Xetá | 7,490 |
| Ikitu | 7,480 |
| Shiwilu | 7,470 |
| Wisijsa | 7,300 |
| Inkal Awá | 7,240 |
| Umurecoómajá (Tatuyo) | 7,190 |
| Ocloya | 7,160 |
| Zo’é | 7,140 |
| Buglé and Ngäbé | 7,060 |
| Chapra | 7,050 |
| Baré | 6,980 |
| Eduria (Taiwano) | 6,860 |
| Enenlhet-Toba | 6,750 |
| Matawai | 6,730 |
| Huancas | 6,530 |
| Guaná | 6,460 |
| Siria-masã (Siriano) | 6,170 |
| Puruborá | 5,980 |
| Kisêdjê | 5,980 |
| Tama Dujo | 5,820 |
| Quillacinga | 5,650 |
| Kadiwéu | 5,640 |
| Toara | 5,570 |
| Marubo | 5,560 |
| Maijuna | 5,500 |
| Yjxa | 5,310 |
| Kalinago (Island Carib) | 5,210 |
| Inga | 5,150 |
| Shawanaua | 5,100 |
| Nanti | 4,990 |
| Parikwene | 4,740 |
| Gunadule (Kuna-Tule) | 4,710 |
| Pacamoro | 4,450 |
| Kaxixó | 4,440 |
| Manoki | 4,330 |
| Chaná | 4,330 |
| Jarawara | 4,280 |
| Umukomasã/Desana | 4,180 |
| Ahé (Kawahib) | 4,170 |
| Mokaná | 4,140 |
| Yaros | 4,120 |
| Warekena | 4,090 |
| Kichwa | 3,970 |
| Toromona | 3,920 |
| Zoró/Pangyjej | 3,830 |
| Nomatsigenga | 3,510 |
| Hiaitsiihi | 3,490 |
| Djeoromitxí | 3,470 |
| Canela Ramkokamekrá | 3,410 |
| Canela Apanyekrá | 3,290 |
| Kamejeya (Yukuna) | 3,260 |
| Tupinambá | 3,240 |
| Ikolen | 3,240 |
| Tsimane’ | 3,220 |
| Matses (Matis) | 3,110 |
| Guna Yala | 3,090 |
| Karanki | 2,960 |
| Shanenawa | 2,840 |
| Suruwaha | 2,820 |
| Surui Paiter | 2,800 |
| Kankuamo | 2,690 |
| Añuu | 2,660 |
| Otavalo | 2,640 |
| Mánekenk/Haush | 2,630 |
| Katukina | 2,580 |
| Yurutí | 2,520 |
| Kulina Pano | 2,490 |
| Korubo | 2,450 |
| Kamëntsá | 2,380 |
| Wiwa | 2,380 |
| Andoa | 2,370 |
| Chachi | 2,230 |
| Guna of Madugandí | 2,140 |
| Banawá | 1,980 |
| Sharanahua | 1,980 |
| Tupari | 1,950 |
| Kuruaya | 1,950 |
| Yawanawá | 1,900 |
| Guanaca | 1,810 |
| Moregena | 1,800 |
| Dokapuara (Tuyuca) | 1,790 |
| Parkatejê | 1,780 |
| Waíkhana | 1,730 |
| Sakurabiat | 1,710 |
| Kawahib (Jiahui) | 1,700 |
| Kwazá | 1,690 |
| Hupd'äh | 1,660 |
| Aikanã | 1,640 |
| Kalapalo | 1,620 |
| Yeba-masã | 1,580 |
| Krĩcatijê | 1,530 |
| Canichana | 1,520 |
| Anambé | 1,500 |
| Tontotuna (Totoró) | 1,490 |
| Wajuru | 1,480 |
| Tariana | 1,460 |
| Pankararu | 1,430 |
| Q'ero | 1,420 |
| Envuga (Kawahib) | 1,400 |
| Arabela | 1,200 |
| Utapinõmakãphõná | 1,180 |
| Tuxá | 1,070 |
| Cabiyari/Kawiyarí | 1,040 |
| I'târap | 989 |
| Épera | 949 |
| Ishir Tomárãho | 872 |
| Arikapú | 786 |
| Guna of Wargandí | 765 |
| Tumbalalá | 763 |
| Pataxó Hã-Hã-Hãe | 754 |
| Pykopcatejê | 741 |
| Resígaro | 740 |
| Marinahua | 705 |
| Kamaiurá | 675 |
| Vacacocha | 669 |
| Kakinte | 534 |
| Muniche | 508 |
| Atikum-Umã | 446 |
| Juma (Kawahib) | 409 |
| Oro Win/Oro Towati’ | 389 |
| Kiriri | 344 |
| Kichwa Santarrosino | 342 |
| Nukini | 336 |
| Arara of Volta Grande | 311 |
| Pisamira | 293 |
| Mehinako | 275 |
| Puyanawa | 260 |
| Aruá | 252 |
| Chankas | 232 |
| Pankará | 184 |
| Trumai | 167 |
| Waujá | 166 |
| Kaimbé | 162 |
| Awytyza | 152 |
| Iñapari | 128 |
| Kayambi | 118 |
| Kañari | 112 |
| Natabuela | 107 |
| Ambaló | 81.1 |
| Krenak | 60.2 |
| Kantaruré | 20.6 |
What changed since 1400
Now drawn
Tekohá (Guarani), Wallmapu (Mapuche), Günün a atük (Günün a küna), Mbya, Aónikenk (Tehuelche), Inca Empire, Quechua, Charrúa, Uru, Chichas, Kaingang, Boe, Emberá/Eperara/Épera, Tekohá (Ñandeva - Avá Guaraní), Diaguita, Ayoreo, Chiquitano, Puri, Yanomami, Lokono (Arawak), Aymara, Moqoit, Guahibo/Hiwi, Sataré-Mawé, Huarpe, Walimanai (Baniwa), Inikana/Kukama Kukamiria/Kokama, Pemón, Guenoa-Muinanes, Kolla-Atacameño, Kaiabi, Qom, Weenhayek/Wichí, Rankülche, Puinave, Henîa-Kamiare, Yine, Kolla, Ãwa, Yaminawá, Ashaninka, Kalina/Kariña, So'to (Yekuana), Chango, Mebêngôkre (Kayapó), Emberá Katío/Eyabida, Waiwai, Emberá Chamí, A'uwe, Mundurukânia (Wuy jugu), Wari, Muina Murui / Murui-Muinanɨ, Lule, Magüta/Ticuna, Eperara Siapidara, Tsase/Piapoco, Amorúa, Tekohá (Paĩ Tavytera/Kaiowá), Lickanantay, Esse ejja, Sirionó, Lipi, Vilela, Guató, Aparai, Apiaká, Ofaié, Trio/Wü tarëno, Tonokoté, Wapishana/Wapixana, Miranha, Madija, Wakuenai/Walimanai (Kuripako), Warao, Popũkare, Wayana, Rikbaktsá, Ikpeng, Kichwa del Río Napo, Matsigenka, Enlhet-Enenlhet, Chané, Nivaclé, Shipibo-Konibo, Guajajara, Yihamwo (Yagua), Akawaio/Akawayo, Guarayo, Dyo'xaiya-o-Ivo'tsa (Okaina), Yaruro/Pumé, Achuar, Emberá Dobidá, Sanavirones, Maxakalí, Uwottüja, Wayúu, Jamamadi, Barí, Zenú, Barasano/Panenoá, Abipones, Mojeño, Chono, Muisca, Nasa, Nambikwara, Halíti, Selk'nam, Pacahuara, Asheninka, Macuxi, Ukarãngmã, Awajún, Karanka, Mashco Piro, Purehno, Qhara Qhara, Pakajaqi, Patamona/Ingarikó, Achagua, Xakriabá, Siekopa’aiInte/Aido-Pãi (Secoya), Movima, Yuracaré, Kichwa (Amazónico), Weenhayek, Killaka Asanajaqi, Yudjá, Matetamãe/Cinta Larga, Apyãwa, Timotes, Kichwa Lamista, Kinja, Shawi, Aché, Sapara, Yanesha, Tapieté/Guaraní-Ñandeva, Enxet, Sura, Nadöb, Kawashkar, Ishir Ybytoso, Karijona, Nawa, Guarasugwe, Tanimuka, Pilagal'ek, Shuar-Wampis, Matsés (Mayoruna), Awá, Hixkaryana, Huni Kuin, Kichwa del Río Pastaza, E'ñepá, Jupaú (Kawahib), Karapana/Muteamasa, Terena, Angaité, Harakbut, U'wa, Amahuaca, Kandozi, Tenetehara (Tembé), Nonuya, Wounaan, Kallawaya, Kawahib (Tenharim), Awaeté (Asurini of the Xingu), Pijao, A'i Cofán/Kofán, Enlhet, Bora, Lumnanas, Emberá, Tinigua, Kichwa del Río Tigre, Charka, Ecuana, Deni, Pasto, Kacha Edze (Urarina), Mehin, Wanano/Kotiria, Tastil, Misak, Dâw, Féénemɨnaa, Kubéwa/Cubeo, Pataxó, Krenyê, Ye"pâ-masa, Hoti, Nükak Makü, Tacana, Yanam (Ninam), Kambeba/Omagua, Iskonawa, Bohanes, Waorani, Kawahib (Parintintin), Apinayé, ZioBain (Siona), Kurâ, Shiwiar, Chamicuro, Baure, Itonama, Mosetén, Omaguaca, Kapanawa, Bia Mbyá, Yurí, Awaeté, pʌʌsíʌhʌ (Andoque/Paasiaja), Pamoari, Wari’, Iogys, Guane, Maká, Toba-Lengua, Cayubaba, Taino, Juhup-Yuju/Yuhupdëh, Araona, Yukpa, Karajá do Norte, Kogui/Kaggabba, Bïde, Cuica, Tilian, Panará, Chitonahua/Murunahua, Sanapaná, Leco, Ka'apor, Kaxarari, Betoy, No'iria, Waípinõmakã (Bará), Makurap, Laklanõ, Enawenê-nawê, kòréβahώ (korebaju/Koreguaje), Muteamasa (Karapanã), Manteño-Huancavilca, Akwê, Ijku (Arhuaco), Kakataibo, Yagán, Xetá, Ikitu, Shiwilu, Wisijsa, Inkal Awá, Umurecoómajá (Tatuyo), Ocloya, Zo’é, Buglé and Ngäbé, Chapra, Baré, Eduria (Taiwano), Enenlhet-Toba, Matawai, Huancas, Guaná, Siria-masã (Siriano), Puruborá, Kisêdjê, Tama Dujo, Quillacinga, Kadiwéu, Toara, Marubo, Maijuna, Yjxa, Kalinago (Island Carib), Inga, Shawanaua, Nanti, Parikwene, Gunadule (Kuna-Tule), Pacamoro, Kaxixó, Manoki, Chaná, Jarawara, Umukomasã/Desana, Ahé (Kawahib), Mokaná, Yaros, Warekena, Kichwa, Toromona, Zoró/Pangyjej, Nomatsigenga, Hiaitsiihi, Djeoromitxí, Canela Ramkokamekrá, Canela Apanyekrá, Kamejeya (Yukuna), Tupinambá, Ikolen, Tsimane’, Matses (Matis), Guna Yala, Karanki, Shanenawa, Suruwaha, Surui Paiter, Kankuamo, Añuu, Otavalo, Mánekenk/Haush, Katukina, Yurutí, Kulina Pano, Korubo, Kamëntsá, Wiwa, Andoa, Chachi, Guna of Madugandí, Banawá, Sharanahua, Tupari, Kuruaya, Yawanawá, Guanaca, Moregena, Dokapuara (Tuyuca), Parkatejê, Waíkhana, Sakurabiat, Kawahib (Jiahui), Kwazá, Hupd'äh, Aikanã, Kalapalo, Yeba-masã, Krĩcatijê, Canichana, Anambé, Tontotuna (Totoró), Wajuru, Tariana, Pankararu, Q'ero, Envuga (Kawahib), Arabela, Utapinõmakãphõná, Tuxá, Cabiyari/Kawiyarí, I'târap, Épera, Ishir Tomárãho, Arikapú, Guna of Wargandí, Tumbalalá, Pataxó Hã-Hã-Hãe, Pykopcatejê, Resígaro, Marinahua, Kamaiurá, Vacacocha, Kakinte, Muniche, Atikum-Umã, Juma (Kawahib), Oro Win/Oro Towati’, Kiriri, Kichwa Santarrosino, Nukini, Arara of Volta Grande, Pisamira, Mehinako, Puyanawa, Aruá, Chankas, Pankará, Trumai, Waujá, Kaimbé, Awytyza, Iñapari, Kayambi, Kañari, Natabuela, Ambaló, Krenak, Kantaruré
No longer drawn
Amazon hunter-gatherers, Savanna hunter-gatherers, Pampas cultures, Andean hunter-gatherers, Aymara kingdoms, Andean states and chiefdoms, Patagonian shellfish and marine mammal hunters, Chimu Empire, Chimú Empire, Shuar, Cuzco, Kalinago
The same date elsewhere
World map · 1492 Map of Europe · 1492 Map of the Middle East · 1492 Map of Africa · 1492 Map of South Asia · 1492 Map of East Asia · 1492 Map of Southeast Asia · 1492 Map of Central Asia · 1492 Map of North America · 1492 Map of Central America and the Caribbean · 1492 Map of Oceania · 1492
Source and method
Borders and names: Cliopatria v0.2.1 (Seshat Global History Databank, github.com/Seshat-Global-History-Databank/cliopatria) · CC BY 4.0 · adapted by IntMap: simplified, BC years made astronomical, and the ground OpenHistoricalMap (1689–1885, and from 1886 where CShapes is silent) and CShapes (1886–2019) state removed on their own dates + aourednik/historical-basemaps (github.com/aourednik/historical-basemaps) · GPL-3.0 · adapted by IntMap: each sheet before 1886 less the ground OpenHistoricalMap and Cliopatria state at that sheet's year.
Listed: every name whose outline IntMap draws inside 82°W–34°W, 56°S–13°N on this date, with the name the map writes on it. The list is worked out when the site is built, from the same records and the same code the map uses, so it says what the map shows — not more. Names are the source’s own, translated where the source or IntMap’s name table has a translation.