Map of Central America and the Caribbean in 1492
For 1492, IntMap draws the Cliopatria, Seshat Global History Databank (by year), then historical-basemaps — each drawn only where the records before it are silent map of that year: 228 names within Central America and the Caribbean. The map also draws 105 outlines here that the source gives no name.
Names on the map
As the map labels them, largest first by the area of the outline drawn inside this view. Areas are of the drawn outline, rounded, and approximate.
| Name | Drawn area in view (km²) |
|---|---|
| Ndé Kónitsąąíí Gokíyaa (Lipan Apache) | 434,000 |
| Coahuiltecan | 343,000 |
| Jumanos | 307,000 |
| Kiikaapoi (Kickapoo) | 248,000 |
| Taino | 241,000 |
| Mescalero Apache | 204,000 |
| Mvskoke (Muscogee / Creek) | 198,000 |
| Later Mayan City-States | 188,000 |
| Nʉmʉnʉʉ (Comanche) | 182,000 |
| Chiricahua Apache | 161,000 |
| Aztec Triple Alliance | 154,000 |
| Tepehuán | 126,000 |
| O'odham Jeweḍ | 126,000 |
| Seminole | 106,000 |
| Guachichil | 105,000 |
| Yoli (Concho) | 100,000 |
| Chahta Yakni (Choctaw) | 99,000 |
| Emberá/Eperara/Épera | 84,700 |
| Tonkawa | 83,000 |
| Rarámuri (Tarahumara-Guarijio) | 79,100 |
| Kalina/Kariña | 76,100 |
| Zacateco | 75,300 |
| Ópata (Tegüima-Eudebe-Hoba) | 74,500 |
| Michoacán | 74,100 |
| Cochimí | 73,700 |
| Timucua | 73,400 |
| Tobosos | 69,600 |
| Sumas | 68,400 |
| Mexihcah (Triple Alliance) | 64,900 |
| Tohono O'odham | 56,800 |
| Karankawa | 55,900 |
| Xawiƚƚ kwñchawaay (Cocopah) | 54,300 |
| Chorotega | 54,200 |
| Caddo | 52,300 |
| Warao | 51,300 |
| Chiso | 51,000 |
| Wayúu | 50,400 |
| Barí | 49,300 |
| Koasati (Coushatta) | 49,100 |
| Ben 'Zaa/Binnizá/Mén Diiste/Bene Xhon (Zapoteco) | 48,700 |
| Tamaulipeco tribes (a description by the source, not a name) | 48,300 |
| 𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷 𐒼𐓂𐓊𐒻 𐓆𐒻𐒿𐒷 𐓀𐒰^𐓓𐒰^(Osage) | 47,500 |
| Zenú | 46,900 |
| Nahua ( Morelos, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Hidalgo, San Luis Potosi) | 45,900 |
| Natchez | 43,300 |
| Emberá Katío/Eyabida | 41,100 |
| Winik Atel (Tzeltal) | 40,300 |
| Miskito | 39,900 |
| Wichita | 39,400 |
| Hohokam | 39,100 |
| Atakapa-Ishak | 37,100 |
| Sana | 35,500 |
| P’urhépecha | 35,500 |
| Hia-Ced O'odham | 35,200 |
| O-ga-xpa Ma-zhoⁿ (O-ga-xpa) | 34,600 |
| Alazapas | 33,400 |
| Emberá Chamí | 33,000 |
| Hi Ui (Pame/Chichimeco Jonaz) | 32,900 |
| Guamares | 32,400 |
| Calusa | 32,300 |
| Rayados (Borrados) | 31,900 |
| Irritilas/Lagunero | 31,700 |
| Timotes | 29,300 |
| Lenca | 28,900 |
| Mayangna | 28,300 |
| Lower Tohono O’odham (Lower Pima) | 28,100 |
| Winikon bä lojon/Xk’ukwits/Ajlumob/Otulob (Ch'ol) | 27,900 |
| Hñähñu (Otomí) | 26,300 |
| Tampachoa (Mansos) | 25,400 |
| Ñuu Savi (Mixtecapan) | 25,200 |
| Somi Se'k (Esto’k Gna) | 24,200 |
| Wixárika (Huichol) | 23,800 |
| Kumeyaay | 23,700 |
| Rama | 22,900 |
| Yoreme (Mayo) | 21,900 |
| Pech | 21,700 |
| Maya Yucateco | 21,600 |
| Garífuna | 21,500 |
| Q'eqchi' | 21,400 |
| Guaycura | 20,900 |
| Tunica | 20,700 |
| Chinantla (Tsa ju jmí’) | 20,400 |
| Houma | 20,300 |
| Caxcan | 20,300 |
| Yamassee | 20,000 |
| Sobaipuri | 19,800 |
| Totorames | 19,700 |
| Chitimacha | 19,700 |
| Comca’ac (Seri) | 19,000 |
| Lokono (Arawak) | 18,200 |
| Macorix | 18,100 |
| Yaruro/Pumé | 18,100 |
| Tawakoni | 17,300 |
| Emberá | 16,400 |
| Guanahatabey | 16,100 |
| Cuitlatec | 16,100 |
| Huasteco/Teenek | 15,500 |
| Tahues | 15,100 |
| O’ de püt/Angpøn (Zoque) | 14,700 |
| Janos | 14,700 |
| Tolupan | 14,000 |
| Emberá Dobidá | 13,600 |
| Matagalpa/Cacaopera | 13,200 |
| Yoeme (Yaqui) | 12,800 |
| Xixime | 12,600 |
| Buglé and Ngäbé | 12,400 |
| Batsil Winik' Otik (Tzotzil) | 12,000 |
| Ch'orti' | 11,800 |
| Guarijío/Guarijó | 11,800 |
| Kalinago (Island Carib) | 11,800 |
| Tocobaga | 11,400 |
| Huetar | 11,200 |
| Kiliwa | 11,000 |
| Bidai | 11,000 |
| Akokisa | 10,800 |
| Nahua | 10,600 |
| Cahita | 10,600 |
| Yukpa | 10,400 |
| Bostos | 10,100 |
| Kogui/Kaggabba | 10,100 |
| Cuica | 9,910 |
| Waco | 9,900 |
| Paipai (Akwa'ala) | 9,850 |
| Julimes | 9,720 |
| Ndee/Nnēē: (Western Apache) | 9,630 |
| Winaq Qo’ (Mam) | 9,630 |
| Pescado | 9,520 |
| Ngi-iva (Popoloca) | 9,510 |
| Náayerite (Cora) | 9,430 |
| Jococobas | 9,340 |
| Yamayeka (Yamaye) | 9,030 |
| Tojolwinik’otik (Tojolabal) | 8,960 |
| Ayuukjä'äy (Mixe) | 8,830 |
| Tecuexe | 8,580 |
| Poqomam | 8,430 |
| Mopan | 8,410 |
| Tjer-di/Teribe Broram | 8,400 |
| Xinca | 8,290 |
| Kusso | 8,270 |
| Guahibo/Hiwi | 8,230 |
| Tzjon Non/ Tzo'tyio (Amuzgo) | 8,180 |
| K'iche' | 8,180 |
| Ais | 8,150 |
| Boriken Taino | 7,960 |
| Ijku (Arhuaco) | 7,910 |
| Yavapaiv Apache | 7,730 |
| Hach Winik (Lacandon) | 7,590 |
| Kaqchikel | 7,470 |
| Pericú | 7,300 |
| Wounaan | 7,290 |
| Yoko T’aan (Chontal) | 7,260 |
| Nahua (Michoacan) | 7,260 |
| Me̱'pha̱a̱ (Tlapaneco) | 6,980 |
| Ulwas | 6,710 |
| Quechan (Kwatsáan) | 6,650 |
| Tequesta | 6,610 |
| Akimel O'odham (Upper Pima) | 6,580 |
| Bribri | 6,490 |
| Kitsé Cha’tnio (Chatino) | 6,130 |
| U'wa | 5,540 |
| Piipaash (Maricopa) | 5,330 |
| Apalachees | 5,190 |
| Tapachulteco (mixe-zoque) | 5,110 |
| Popoluca (mixe-zoque) | 4,890 |
| Q'anjob'al | 4,770 |
| Gunadule (Kuna-Tule) | 4,650 |
| Brunka | 4,580 |
| Ciguayo | 4,520 |
| Mokaná | 4,140 |
| Ha Shuta Enima (Mazateco) | 4,090 |
| Guasaves/Tamazulas | 4,040 |
| Mayaimi | 4,000 |
| Kriol | 3,940 |
| E'ñepá | 3,920 |
| Nahua (Guerrero) | 3,860 |
| Ket Chonhab’ Kob’a (Chuj) | 3,540 |
| Nicarao/Nahoa | 3,520 |
| Slijuala Xanuc (Chontal) | 3,440 |
| Copuces | 3,350 |
| Guna Yala | 3,090 |
| Biloxi | 2,880 |
| Mexicanero (Nahuas) | 2,720 |
| Kankuamo | 2,690 |
| Añuu | 2,660 |
| Guane | 2,520 |
| Ikoots/Kunajts/Ikoojts (Huave) | 2,400 |
| Wiwa | 2,380 |
| Coyutecos (Nahua) | 2,350 |
| Achires | 2,330 |
| Achí | 2,190 |
| Guna of Madugandí | 2,140 |
| Tz'utujil | 1,900 |
| Tawahka | 1,870 |
| Coca | 1,850 |
| Natchitoches | 1,800 |
| Mount Tabor Indian Community | 1,750 |
| Chiapaneco | 1,640 |
| Subtiaba | 1,550 |
| Malécu | 1,500 |
| Monqui | 1,480 |
| Akawaio/Akawayo | 1,430 |
| Nahuas | 1,380 |
| Pacaxes | 1,370 |
| Pemón | 1,340 |
| Poqomchi’ | 1,250 |
| Guacata | 995 |
| Jeaga | 787 |
| Guna of Wargandí | 765 |
| Popti' | 564 |
| Mazahua | 563 |
| Westo | 431 |
| Miccosukee | 344 |
| Opelousas | 294 |
| San Carlos Apache | 241 |
| Matecumbe | 236 |
| Atakapa Ishak Chawasha | 203 |
| Seminole Tribe of Florida (Big Cypress Reservation) | 157 |
| Sacapultec | 151 |
| Seminole Tribe of Florida (Brighton Reservation) | 139 |
| Mochó | 119 |
| Tigua | 95.7 |
| Uspantec | 32.6 |
| Sewee | 19.4 |
| Isle de Jean Charles Biloxi-Chitimacha-Choctaw | 14.2 |
| Pascua Yaqui | 6.9 |
| Seminole Tribe of Florida (Immokalee Reservation) | 2.36 |
| Seminole Tribe of Florida (Hollywood Reservation) | 1.91 |
| Seminole Tribe of Florida (Tampa Reservation) | <1 |
What changed since 1400
Now drawn
Ndé Kónitsąąíí Gokíyaa (Lipan Apache), Coahuiltecan, Jumanos, Kiikaapoi (Kickapoo), Mescalero Apache, Mvskoke (Muscogee / Creek), Nʉmʉnʉʉ (Comanche), Chiricahua Apache, Aztec Triple Alliance, Tepehuán, O'odham Jeweḍ, Seminole, Guachichil, Yoli (Concho), Chahta Yakni (Choctaw), Emberá/Eperara/Épera, Tonkawa, Rarámuri (Tarahumara-Guarijio), Kalina/Kariña, Zacateco, Ópata (Tegüima-Eudebe-Hoba), Cochimí, Timucua, Tobosos, Sumas, Mexihcah (Triple Alliance), Tohono O'odham, Karankawa, Xawiƚƚ kwñchawaay (Cocopah), Chorotega, Caddo, Warao, Chiso, Wayúu, Barí, Koasati (Coushatta), Ben 'Zaa/Binnizá/Mén Diiste/Bene Xhon (Zapoteco), Tamaulipeco tribes, 𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷 𐒼𐓂𐓊𐒻 𐓆𐒻𐒿𐒷 𐓀𐒰^𐓓𐒰^(Osage), Zenú, Nahua ( Morelos, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Hidalgo, San Luis Potosi), Natchez, Emberá Katío/Eyabida, Winik Atel (Tzeltal), Miskito, Wichita, Hohokam, Atakapa-Ishak, Sana, P’urhépecha, Hia-Ced O'odham, O-ga-xpa Ma-zhoⁿ (O-ga-xpa), Alazapas, Emberá Chamí, Hi Ui (Pame/Chichimeco Jonaz), Guamares, Calusa, Rayados (Borrados), Irritilas/Lagunero, Timotes, Lenca, Mayangna, Lower Tohono O’odham (Lower Pima), Winikon bä lojon/Xk’ukwits/Ajlumob/Otulob (Ch'ol), Hñähñu (Otomí), Tampachoa (Mansos), Ñuu Savi (Mixtecapan), Somi Se'k (Esto’k Gna), Wixárika (Huichol), Kumeyaay, Rama, Yoreme (Mayo), Pech, Maya Yucateco, Garífuna, Q'eqchi', Guaycura, Tunica, Chinantla (Tsa ju jmí’), Houma, Caxcan, Yamassee, Sobaipuri, Totorames, Chitimacha, Comca’ac (Seri), Lokono (Arawak), Macorix, Yaruro/Pumé, Tawakoni, Emberá, Guanahatabey, Cuitlatec, Huasteco/Teenek, Tahues, O’ de püt/Angpøn (Zoque), Janos, Tolupan, Emberá Dobidá, Matagalpa/Cacaopera, Yoeme (Yaqui), Xixime, Buglé and Ngäbé, Batsil Winik' Otik (Tzotzil), Ch'orti', Guarijío/Guarijó, Kalinago (Island Carib), Tocobaga, Huetar, Kiliwa, Bidai, Akokisa, Nahua, Cahita, Yukpa, Bostos, Kogui/Kaggabba, Cuica, Waco, Paipai (Akwa'ala), Julimes, Ndee/Nnēē: (Western Apache), Winaq Qo’ (Mam), Pescado, Ngi-iva (Popoloca), Náayerite (Cora), Jococobas, Yamayeka (Yamaye), Tojolwinik’otik (Tojolabal), Ayuukjä'äy (Mixe), Tecuexe, Poqomam, Mopan, Tjer-di/Teribe Broram, Xinca, Kusso, Guahibo/Hiwi, Tzjon Non/ Tzo'tyio (Amuzgo), K'iche', Ais, Boriken Taino, Ijku (Arhuaco), Yavapaiv Apache, Hach Winik (Lacandon), Kaqchikel, Pericú, Wounaan, Yoko T’aan (Chontal), Nahua (Michoacan), Me̱'pha̱a̱ (Tlapaneco), Ulwas, Quechan (Kwatsáan), Tequesta, Akimel O'odham (Upper Pima), Bribri, Kitsé Cha’tnio (Chatino), U'wa, Piipaash (Maricopa), Apalachees, Tapachulteco (mixe-zoque), Popoluca (mixe-zoque), Q'anjob'al, Gunadule (Kuna-Tule), Brunka, Ciguayo, Mokaná, Ha Shuta Enima (Mazateco), Guasaves/Tamazulas, Mayaimi, Kriol, E'ñepá, Nahua (Guerrero), Ket Chonhab’ Kob’a (Chuj), Nicarao/Nahoa, Slijuala Xanuc (Chontal), Copuces, Guna Yala, Biloxi, Mexicanero (Nahuas), Kankuamo, Añuu, Guane, Ikoots/Kunajts/Ikoojts (Huave), Wiwa, Coyutecos (Nahua), Achires, Achí, Guna of Madugandí, Tz'utujil, Tawahka, Coca, Natchitoches, Mount Tabor Indian Community, Chiapaneco, Subtiaba, Malécu, Monqui, Akawaio/Akawayo, Nahuas, Pacaxes, Pemón, Poqomchi’, Guacata, Jeaga, Guna of Wargandí, Popti', Mazahua, Westo, Miccosukee, Opelousas, San Carlos Apache, Matecumbe, Atakapa Ishak Chawasha, Seminole Tribe of Florida (Big Cypress Reservation), Sacapultec, Seminole Tribe of Florida (Brighton Reservation), Mochó, Tigua, Uspantec, Sewee, Isle de Jean Charles Biloxi-Chitimacha-Choctaw, Pascua Yaqui, Seminole Tribe of Florida (Immokalee Reservation), Seminole Tribe of Florida (Hollywood Reservation), Seminole Tribe of Florida (Tampa Reservation)
No longer drawn
Eastern North Amercian hunter-gatherers, Caribbean hunter-gatherers, Plain bison hunters, Zapotec Empire, Mixtec Empire, Desert hunter-gatherers, Caloosahatchee cultureure, Guanahatabeyes, Maya city-states, Kalinago, Tenochtitlan, Texcoco
The same date elsewhere
World map · 1492 Map of Europe · 1492 Map of the Middle East · 1492 Map of Africa · 1492 Map of South Asia · 1492 Map of East Asia · 1492 Map of Southeast Asia · 1492 Map of Central Asia · 1492 Map of North America · 1492 Map of South America · 1492 Map of Oceania · 1492
Source and method
Borders and names: Cliopatria v0.2.1 (Seshat Global History Databank, github.com/Seshat-Global-History-Databank/cliopatria) · CC BY 4.0 · adapted by IntMap: simplified, BC years made astronomical, and the ground OpenHistoricalMap (1689–1885, and from 1886 where CShapes is silent) and CShapes (1886–2019) state removed on their own dates + aourednik/historical-basemaps (github.com/aourednik/historical-basemaps) · GPL-3.0 · adapted by IntMap: each sheet before 1886 less the ground OpenHistoricalMap and Cliopatria state at that sheet's year.
Listed: every name whose outline IntMap draws inside 118°W–59°W, 7°N–33°N on this date, with the name the map writes on it. The list is worked out when the site is built, from the same records and the same code the map uses, so it says what the map shows — not more. Names are the source’s own, translated where the source or IntMap’s name table has a translation.